The World AIDS Day丨生命至上·终结艾滋·健康平等
2021年12月1日是第34个“世界艾滋病日”。为进一步推动艾滋病防治工作，加强大学生防治艾滋病的意识，广东以色列理工学院开展多形式的宣传活动。
12月1日，广东以色列理工学院邀请金平区疾病防控中心相关专家到校进行健康知识宣传活动。
广以校医室医生和金平区疾控中心工作人员在食堂门口发放艾滋病科普材料和避孕套，为前来咨询的师生答疑，宣传、普及预防艾滋病的相关知识。
工作人员同时向大家介绍艾滋病自我检测服务包。这一测试方法在今年5月份起向公众推出，在便捷性和隐私性方面获得认可。
“近两年，疾控中心发现前来咨询的学生群体比例有上升趋势，但普遍关于艾滋病防治知识仍然较为薄弱。所以我们希望通过定期宣传，让大家加强了解，做好自我保护措施，减少感染几率。” 金平区疾控中心工作人员陈步青介绍道。
12月4日，广以邀请汕头市疾病防控中心的专家到校开展“艾滋病防控和性健康教育”主题讲座。
主讲员示范艾滋病试纸的使用方法，介绍艾滋病阻断药物的获得途径，同时演示避孕套的正确使用方法。活动旨在让同学们正确掌握生殖与性健康的知识，提升保护自身、尊重他人身心健康的责任意识，以预防艾滋病等性疾病的传播。
主讲员张雯慧说：“大家不用避讳谈论性与艾滋病有关的话题，也不用恐惧去疾控中心做免费的检测，防艾没有旁观者，大家都是践行人。”
艾滋病相关知识科普
艾滋病是什么？
艾滋病是一种获得性免疫缺陷综合征，是一种严重的疾病，当HIV病毒对免疫系统的损害造成人体无法再抵抗一系列的感染时，就会发展成艾滋病。
艾滋病毒与艾滋病不同。只有在感染后得不到治疗的情况下才会发展成为艾滋病。
艾滋病的传播途径是什么？
1）感染源：HIV感染者和艾滋病病人是本病的传染源。
2）传播途径：HIV病毒主要存在于感染者和患者的血液、精液、阴道分泌物、母乳中。
a.性行为：与受感染的伴侣发生无保护的性行为。
b.静脉注射吸毒：与他人共用被感染者使用过的、未经消毒的注射工具，是HIV传播的重要途径。
c.母婴传播：在怀孕、分娩和哺乳期间，感染HIV病毒的母亲可能会将其传播给婴儿
d.血液和血液制品（包括人工授精，皮肤移植和器官移植）。
握手、拥抱、礼貌亲吻、一起吃喝、共用卫生间和浴室、共用办公室、公共交通工具、娱乐设施等日常接触都不会传播艾滋病毒。
感染艾滋病的症状
有些人在感染后2至4周内出现流感样症状（称为急性HIV感染）。这些症状可能持续几天或几周。可能会出现的症状包括：
发烧、寒颤、皮疹、夜间盗汗、肌肉酸痛、喉咙痛、疲乏、淋巴结肿大、口腔溃疡。
但有些人在急性HIV感染期间可能不会觉得身体不适。出现这些症状并不意味着你感染了艾滋病毒，其他疾病也可能导致出现这些症状。
如果您有这些症状出现，并认为您可能接触过艾滋病毒，可以到医院咨询医生。接受艾滋病毒检测是确定感染的唯一方法。
治疗措施
整体治疗：全世界仍然缺乏有效的药物来治疗艾滋病毒感染。
一般治疗：艾滋病毒感染者无需隔离治疗。对于无症状的HIV感染者，他们仍然可以维持正常的工作和生活。
抗病毒治疗：抗病毒治疗是治疗艾滋病的关键。
预防措施
1）使用避孕套是性生活中最有效的预防措施之一。
2）严禁吸毒，不与他人共用注射器。
3）未经授权，请勿使用输血和血液制品，应在医生的指导下使用。
4）请勿借用或分享个人物品，如牙刷，剃须刀等。
5）坚持自爱，避免高风险的性行为。
6）避免与艾滋病患者直接接触血液、精液、母乳，切断其传播通道。
December 1 marks the World AIDS Day. This year, the theme in China is“End inequalities. End AIDS. End pandemic”. Guangdong Israel – Institute of Technology (GTIIT) held campaigns to popularize the knowledge of AIDS prevention.
On December 1, GTIIT invited the specialists from the Jinping District Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to provide health education for all students.
AIDS-related brochures and condoms were distributed outside the canteen. Some teachers and students came to consult AIDS-related issues and learn how to prevent AIDS.
The staff also introduced the HIV epidemic rapid response tool kit, a new testing method just announced to publics in May this year.
“In recent years, the CDC has seen an increase in the proportion of students coming for help, but most of them have little knowledge of HIV prevention. So we hope that through regular publicity, people can increase their understanding and take self-protection measures to reduce the risk of infection." Chen Buqing, staff from CDC said.
On December 4, GTIIT invited specialists from the Shantou Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to carry out Sexual Education & AIDS Prevention Workshop.
During the workshop, the specialist demonstrated how to use AIDS test paper and the way to get blocking drugs of HIV. She also showed the correct way to use condoms.
The workshop aimed at guiding students to study correct sexual and health knowledge, to raise the awareness of self-protection and sense of responsibility, and to prevent the spread of sexually-transmitted diseases such as AIDS.
"There is no need to avoid talking about sex and AIDS and there is no need to be afraid to go to the CDC for free testing," Zhang Wenhui, the speaker said, "In AIDS prevention, we should not be a bystander. We are participants."
About AIDS
What is AIDS?
AIDS stands for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. It is a serious illness that can develop when HIV damages the immune system to such an extent that it can no longer fight off a range of infections it would normally cope with.
HIV is not the same as AIDS. AIDS only develops if HIV is left untreated.
How Do You Get or Transmit HIV?
1) Source of infection: HIV infected people and AIDS patients are the source of infection of the disease.
2) Transmission: HIV is mainly found in the blood, semen, vaginal secretions, breast milk of infected people and patients.
a. Sexual activity: Unprotected sex with an infected partner.
b. Intravenous drug use: Sharing unsterilized injection tools used by infected people with others is a very important route of HIV transmission.
c. Mother-to-child transmission: During pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding, HIV-infected mothers may transmit it to babies.
d. Blood and blood products (including artificial insemination, skin grafts and organ transplants).
Handshakes, hugs, polite kisses, eat and drink together, shared toilets and bathrooms, shared offices, public transport, recreational facilities and other daily contacts will not spread HIV.
Are there symptoms?
Some people have flu-like symptoms within 2 to 4 weeks after infection (called acute HIV infection). These symptoms may last for a few days or several weeks. Possible symptoms include fever, chills, rash, night sweats, muscle aches, sore throat, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, and mouth ulcers.
But some people may not feel sick during acute HIV infection. These symptoms don’t mean you have HIV. Other illnesses can cause these same symptoms.
See a health care provider if you have these symptoms and think you may have been exposed to HIV. Getting tested for HIV is the only way to know for sure.
Treatment measures
Overall treatment: There is still a lack of effective drugs to treat HIV infection worldwide.
General treatment: There is no need for isolation treatment for people living with HIV. For asymptomatic people with HIV, they can still maintain normal work and life.
Antiviral therapy: Antiviral therapy is the key to AIDS treatment.
HIV Prevention
1) The use of condoms is one of the most effective preventive measures in sex life.
2) It is strictly forbidden to take drugs and not to share syringes with others.
3) Do not use blood transfusions and blood products without authorization, to be used under the guidance of a doctor.
4) Do not borrow or share personal items such as toothbrushes, razors, shaving knives, etc.
5) Insist on self-love, to avoid high-risk sexual behaviors.
6) To avoid direct contact with AIDS patients blood, semen, breast milk, cut off its transmission channels.
文/图：GTIIT传媒与公共事务部
Text/Photos: GTIIT News & Public Affairs
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